Carbon Footprint and Reduction

A carbon footprint is a measure of the impact our activities have on the environment, and in particular climate change. It relates to the amount of greenhouse gases produced in our day-to-day lives through burning fossil fuels for electricity, heating and transportation.

The carbon footprint is a measurement of all greenhouse gases we individually produce and has units of tonnes (or kg) of carbon dioxide equivalent.

It can be classified into two categories.
1. Primary
2. Secondary


How can we reduce carbon footprint to save environment.


Carbon footprint reduction is today burning issue by almost all countries. specially for developed countries.now every country is worried about such issue and managing to use natural resources in best possible manner to that i put lesser pressure in natural resource use.


Steps to be taken to reduce carbon footprint

Companies, Firms

1.Draw a carbon management strategy and plan, set realistic carbon reduction targets and regular monitoring plan with performance achieved.

2.Stop production from old machines which are not efficient.


3. Close down sick industries which are not able too manage resource in best possible Manner.

4.Awareness among workers, Labors and operators which are directly engaged in machines/vehicles which run by fossil fuels

5. Replace your old boiler with a new energy efficient condensing boiler

Individuals

1. Turn it off when not in use (lights, television, DVD player, Hi Fi, etc.

2. Turn down the central heating slightly (try just 1 to 2 degrees C). Just 1 degree will help reduce your heating bill by about 8%.

3. Turn down the water heating setting (just 2 degrees will make a significant saving)

4. Check the central heating timer setting - remember there is no point heating the house after you have left for work

5. Fill your dish washer and washing machine with a full load - this will save you water, electricity, and washing powder

6. Fill the kettle with only as much water as you need

7. Do your weekly shopping in a single trip

8. Hang out the washing to dry rather than tumble drying it

9. The following is a list of items that may take an initial investment, but should pay for themselves over the course of 1-4 years through savings on your energy bills.

10. Fit energy saving light bulbs

11. Install thermostatic valves on your radiators

 12. Replace your old fridge / freezer (if it is over 15 years old), with a new one with energy efficiency rating of "A"

Travel less and travel more carbon footprint friendly.

1. Car share to work, or for the kids school run

2. Use the bus or a train rather than your car

3. For short journeys either walk or cycle

4. Try to reduce the number of flights you take

5. See if your employer will allow you to work from home one day a week

6 Next time you replace your car - check out diesel engines. With one of these you can even make your own Biodiesel fuel.

7. When staying in a hotel - turn the lights and air-conditioning off when you leave your hotel room, and ask for your room towels to be washed every other day, rather than every day

As well as primary carbon footprint, there is also a secondary footprint that cause through our buying habits. 

1. Don't buy bottled water if your tap water is safe to drink 

2. Buy local fruit and vegetables, or even try growing your own 

3. Buy foods that are in season locally 

3. Don't buy fresh fruit and vegetables which are out of season, they may have been flown in 

3. Reduce your consumption of meat 

4. Try to only buy products made close to home (look out and avoid items that are made in the distant lands) 

5. Buy organic produce 

6. Don't buy over packaged products 

7. Recycle as much as possible 

8. Think carefully about the type of activities you do in your spare time. Do any of these cause an increase in carbon emissions? e.g. Saunas, Health clubs, restaurants and pubs, go-karting etc. etc...

waste water discharge

industrial waste water discharge color, water discharge like leachat, sluge

Waste Landfill

Hazardous waste is generated by almonst all type of manufacturing industries. Many company leaves different type of hazardous waste and other waste depeding upon the manufacturig process, product and process used in manucaturing process. there is variety of different waste catagories .different categories of waste like municipal waste, hazardous waste, non-hazardous waste and inert waste etc. are generally dumped into speciall made secured landfill, defined as waste disposal sites for the deposit of waste onto or into land. Landfills are divided into basically three classes:

Hazardous Waste Landfill

• landfills for hazardous waste;
• landfills for non-hazardous/slide waste;
• landfills for inert waste.

The Directive does not apply to:

• the spreading on the soil of sludges (including sewage sludges and sludges resulting from dredging operations);
• the use in landfills of inert waste for redevelopment or restoration work;
• the deposit of unpolluted soil or of non-hazardous inert waste resulting from prospecting and extraction, treatment and storage of mineral resources as well as from the operation of quarries;
• the deposit of non-hazardous dredging sludges alongside small waterways from which they have been dredged and of non-hazardous sludges in surface water, including the bed and its subsoil.

Waste should not me send to landfill directly. it should be stablize with standard procedure. a standard waste acceptance procedure is laid down so as to avoid any risks:

• waste must be treated before being landfilled;
• hazardous waste within the meaning of the Directive must be assigned to a hazardous waste landfill;
• landfills for non-hazardous waste must be used for municipal waste and for non-hazardous waste;
• landfill sites for inert waste must be used only for inert waste;
• criteria for the acceptance of waste at each landfill class must be adopted by the Commission in accordance with the general principles of Annex II.

The following waste needs special treatment before sending it to in a landfill:

• liquid waste;
• flammable waste;
• explosive or oxidising waste;
• hospital and other clinical waste which is infectious;
• used tyres, with certain exceptions;

.

The Directive sets up a system of operating permits for landfill sites. Applications for permits must contain the following information:

• the identity of the applicant and, in some cases, of the operator;
• a description of the types and total quantity of waste to be deposited;
• the capacity of the disposal site;
• a description of the site;
• the proposed methods for pollution prevention and abatement;
• the proposed operation, monitoring and control plan;
• the plan for closure and aftercare procedures;
• the applicant's financial security;

Every States must ensure that existing landfill sites may not continue to operate unless they comply with the provisions of the Directive as soon as possible.

Every States must report to the pollution control board the implementation of the Directive.

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Hazardous Waste Defination

Hazardous Waste Management in Punjab

Nimbua Site Office

Nimbua Greenfield (P) Ltd., a special purpose vehicle has been promoted by a group of industries in Punjab, in co-ordination with Punjab Pollution Control Board and Govt. of India, and was incorporated on 01.03.04 for developing a hazardous waste management facility to collect, treat and dispose off hazardous waste generated by various industries in Punjab.hazardous waste from all over the punjab including chandigarh is accepted here, hazardous waste after stabilization deposited into landfill 

 

Nimbua Admin office

The site shares its eastern boundary with State of Haryana and it surrounded by agriculture fields. The site is 4 Km north of the village Nimbua.

The site shares its eastern boundary with State of Haryana and is surrounded by agriculture fields.

 

Project has been approved by Department of Industrial Policy and Promotion, Ministry of Commerce and Industry, Govt. of India, under Industrial Infrastructure Upgradation Scheme (IIUS) at a cost of Rs. 17.19 crores, with a Govt. of India grant of Rs. 12.69 crores.

Hazardous waste treatment storage &
 disposal facility

The site for the propose HWTS facility is situated north of village Nimbua and accessible through an all-weather single lane link road of about 6 km. length, connected with Dera Bassi Barwala Road at about 4 km from Derabassi, a small town located on National Highway No. -22. Derabassi town is approximately 25 km south of the Chandigarh (UT and Capital of state of Punjab) and is well connected through road network to all major districts of Punjab.

The nearest water body from the site is Medhkhali Nala, approximately 1.5 km north of the site. It is a seasonal stream that forms a tributary of river Ghajjar, a perennial river. A non-perennial river known as “Dangri Nadi”, lies 5 km east of the site and flows through state of Haryana, before terminating in agriculture fields in district of Ambala (Haryana).  

Nimbua admin side look

The main features of the proposed site are as follows

• Latitude and longitude – 75 o53’45” and 30 o33’30”
• State government has notified the 22-acre proposed site for waste disposal facility.
• Irregular terrain, with relatively flat parcel of 6-acre land on North of the site.
• Seasonal storm water drain, Medhkhali Nala, flows 1.5 km north of the site.
• Non – perennial river, Dangri Nadi is located 5 km east of the site.

ven sites were identified for the development of Common Treatment Storage & Disposal facility (TSDF) for hazardous waste. Environmental Impact Assessment Study of these sites was got conducted by the Punjab Pollution Control Board.

 The Methodology adopted for conducting the EIA studies for arriving at the suitability of the sites comprised of: 

• Inventorisation of Industries.
• Quantification & Characterization of hazardous waste.
• Scope of their reuse, recycling and treatment options.
• Transportation of Hazardous Waste.
• Baseline Environmental data collection and analysis.
• Ranking of sites as per the guidelines of MOEF
• Design and cost estimation of Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal Facilities.

Landfill

Based on finding and predictions presented in the EIA study reports, it was concluded by the consultants that Patiala & Faridkot sites pose low risk (as compared to other sites in the respective group of districts) to the environment for siting a hazardous waste disposal site. It was suggested by the consultant that a common disposal site would be more economical than individual sites. In the end, Project site at Village Nimbua, Tehsil Dera-Bassi, District Patiala, was selected and the site accordingly had been notified by the State Bank for creating the Hazardous waste treatment and disposal facility.

Nimbua Admin building side

NGPL carried out exclusive awareness programs in the area, including a public hearing and also made arrangement for visits of some village elders to the existing HWMF sites in the country namely Bharuch Enviro Infrastructure Ltd. at Ankleshwer and Gujrat Enviro Protection and Infrastructure Ltd. Surat, to dispel the apprehensions of the inhabitants of he area. NGPL has also decided to spend about one percent of the total cost of the project for development activities in the area and assured employment opportunities to the local persons.